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Control of Er3+ diffusion by co-diffused Ti4+ in LiNbO3 crystal.
- Source :
-
Materials Research Bulletin . Jul2015, Vol. 67, p126-133. 8p. - Publication Year :
- 2015
-
Abstract
- Er 3+ /Ti 4+ -co-doped LiNbO 3 plates were prepared by annealing congruent substrates coated with stacked Er- and Ti-metal films having different thicknesses and coating sequences. The crystalline phase, OH − absorption, Er 3+ -doping effect on LiNbO 3 refractive index and Li + -composition in the Er 3+ /Ti 4+ -co-doped layer were studied. The results show that the LiNbO 3 phase dominates in the co-doped layer, the Er 3+ -doping affects little the LiNbO 3 refractive index, slight Li 2 O out-diffusion occurred in the diffusion procedure, and the annealing procedure does not affect the OH − absorption band noticeably. The Er 3+ /Ti 4+ -co-diffusion characteristics were studied by secondary ion mass spectrometry. The study shows that Ti 4+ diffuses much faster than Er 3+ . The Ti 4+ co-diffusion assists and controls the Er 3+ -diffusion and Er 3+ diffusivity increases linearly with initial Ti-metal thickness. In contrast, neither Er-metal thickness nor coating sequence of Ti- and Er-metal films influences the Ti 4+ or Er 3+ diffusivity. The co-diffusion features are explained. A co-diffusion model is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 00255408
- Volume :
- 67
- Database :
- Academic Search Index
- Journal :
- Materials Research Bulletin
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 101986602
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.materresbull.2015.02.037