Subsequent treatment of epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor failure in patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma.

Background Epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors ( EGFR-TKIs) effectively treat advanced non-small cell lung cancer with EGFR-mutation. However, most patients develop acquired resistance without effective therapy subsequent to EGFR-TKI failure. We evaluated the efficacy of subsequent treatment strategies for EGFR-TKI resistance. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 240 patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma with EGFR-TKI failure and following subsequent treatment. According to the first subsequent strategies after EGFR- TKI failure, patients were divided into groups of EGFR-TKI continuation (21 cases), EGFR-TKI continuation with chemotherapy (23 cases), chemotherapy alone (143 cases), and best supportive care ( BSC) (53 cases). Results Except for 53 cases of BSC, the disease control rates ( DCR) of the remaining 187 patients in the EGFR-TKI continuation, EGFR-TKI continuation with chemotherapy, and chemotherapy alone groups were 66.7%, 73.9%, and 44.8%, respectively. The median post-progression progression-free survival ( PFS) for the three groups was 3.0, 3.3, and 2.0 months, respectively. The DCR for the EGFR-TKI continuation with chemotherapy group was significantly higher than the chemotherapy alone group ( P = 0.006). The post-progression PFS of the EGFR-TKI continuation with chemotherapy group was significantly longer than the chemotherapy alone group ( P = 0.037). The median overall survival in the EGFR-TKI continuation, EGFR-TKI continuation with chemotherapy, chemotherapy alone, and BSC groups were 6.9, 11.6, 8.8, and 0.9 months, respectively. Compared to the BSC group, all groups achieved a survival benefit ( P < 0.001). Conclusions EGFR-TKI continuation with chemotherapy could provide benefits for patients with acquired resistance to EGFR-TKI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]