Large strain and relaxation behavior in CeO2 doped Bi0.487Na0.427K0.06Ba0.026TiO3 piezoceramics.

x CeO 2 -doped Bi 0.487 Na 0.427 K 0.06 Ba 0.026 TiO 3 lead-free piezoelectric ceramics (BNTC1000 x , x =0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.4 wt%), were synthesized by the solid-state reaction method. XRD patterns showed that all BNTC1000 x ceramics exhibit pure single perovskite phase. At the critical composition BNTC12, a large electric-field-induced strain of 0.39% with normalized strain ( S max / E max ) of 561 pm/V was obtained under an electric field of 65 kV/cm. The ferroelectric phase was fully poled with electric field, and depoled once the applied electric field was removed. During that cycle, the non-180°-domains repeated switching and back-switching and the large strain was induced. The relaxation behavior was involved in BNTC1000 x ceramics and induced by oxygen vacancy migration. Besides, this behavior was more predominant in BNTC12 than in BNTC0. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]