FARMAKOTERAPIA ZAKAŻEŃ CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE.

Clostridium difficile infection (CDi) is one of the most common cause of nosocomial infection worldwide. Exposure to antibacterial therapy, most notably broad-spectrum agents, is the main risk factor for the development of CDi. Patients at high risk of infection are 65 years or over, immunocompromised or taking immunosuppressive drugs, however some other factors can also influence incidence of CDi. CDi infection can result in a number of clinical sequelae, from postantibiotics watery diarrhea trough pseudomebranous colitis to potentially life-treating disease like fulminant colitis or toxic megacolon. During treatment stoping of previous antibacterial therapy, or at least changing for antibiotics with smaller risk of CDI is recommended. in treatment of infection oral metronidazole or vancomycin are used, depending on disease severity. in severe or recurrent infection vancomycin or fidaxomycin are recommended. Fidaxomycin is the first in a new class of antibacterials known as macrocycles, nonabsorbable, with gastrointestinal route of elimination, shown to act as antibacterial agent with suppression of toxin A and B production and sporulation of Clostridium difficile, with minimal only influence on colonic microbiom. in the treatment of CDI stool transplantation and probiotics should also be taken under account. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]