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In Vitro and In Vivo Immunomodulatory Activity of Okra ( Abelmoschus esculentus L.) Polysaccharides.
- Source :
-
Journal of Medicinal Food . Mar2016, Vol. 19 Issue 3, p253-265. 13p. - Publication Year :
- 2016
-
Abstract
- Crude okra ( Abelmoschus esculentus L.) polysaccharide (RPS) was obtained by water extraction and alcohol precipitation. Three purified fractions of RPS, designated RPS-1, RPS-2, and RPS-3, were fractioned by diethylaminoethyl (DEAE)-cellulose chromatography. Their molecular weights, monosaccharide compositions, infrared (Fourier transform infrared [FT-IR]) spectra, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra were analyzed. Their immunomodulatory activity was evaluated with an in vitro cell model (RAW264.7 cells). In vivo immunomodulatory activity of RPS-2 was evaluated in normal and cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed mice. The results showed that the molecular weights of RPS-1, RPS-2, and RPS-3 were 600, 990, and 1300 kDa, respectively. RPS-1 and RPS-2 were mainly composed of galactose, rhamnose, galacturonic acid, and glucuronic acid, while RPS-3 was mainly composed of galactose, rhamnose, galacturonic acid, glucuronic acid, and glucose. FT-IR and NMR spectrum data indicated a rhamnogalacturonan I characteristic of polysaccharide. Both RPS and its purified fractions RPS-1, RPS-2, and RPS-3 significantly increased RAW264.7 cell proliferation, nitric oxide (NO) production, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)- α, interferon (IFN)- γ, and interleukin (IL)-10 secretion ( P < .05). The purified fraction RPS-2 also increased the spleen index, splenocyte proliferation, and cytokine secretion in vivo. These results indicate that okra polysaccharides may potentially serve as novel immunomodulators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1096620X
- Volume :
- 19
- Issue :
- 3
- Database :
- Academic Search Index
- Journal :
- Journal of Medicinal Food
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 113838792
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1089/jmf.2015.3513