Interactions between maternal killer cell immunoglobulin receptor genes and foetal HLA ligand genes contribute to type 1 diabetes susceptibility in Han Chinese.

In this study, we aimed to test the hypothesis that KIR haplotypes (that interact with HLA class I molecules) are associated with susceptibility in patients with T1 DM in utero through maternal-foetal interaction of KIR and their HLA class I ligands in Han Chinese population. We determined the KIR genes and KIR/ligand gene combination frequencies in 59 Han Chinese children with T1D and their mothers and compared it with 159 healthy control children and their mothers. The absence of KIR-2 DS1 in the mother and the presence of HLA-C2 ligand in the child were negatively associated with type 1 diabetes in the child. Our results indicate that maternal KIR genes and their interaction with foetal HLA-C2 may contribute to the risk of type 1 diabetes among Han Chinese children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]