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Determinants of vitamin D status in young adults: influence of lifestyle, sociodemographic and anthropometric factors.
- Source :
-
BMC Public Health . 5/11/2016, Vol. 16 Issue 1, p1-11. 11p. 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 1 Graph. - Publication Year :
- 2016
-
Abstract
- <bold>Background: </bold>Very few studies have investigated the determinants of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) in young adults (18-25 years old) using a set of variables that include lifestyle, sociodemographic, and anthropometric data. Our aim was to investigate the association between these variables and vitamin D status in a sample of untreated young adults.<bold>Methods: </bold>A total of 738 young adults were enrolled in a (June cross-sectional study 2012 to May 2014) and were recruited from educational institutions in the Copenhagen area. For multivariate logistic regression subjects was categorized based on 25[OH]D in serum into; vitamin D sufficiency (S-25[OH]D > 50 nmol/L), vitamin D insufficiency (25 nmol/L ≤ S-25[OH]D ≤ 50 nmol/L), vitamin D deficiency (S-25[OH]D < 25 nmol/L). Information on lifestyle factors and education was obtained by self-reported questionnaires.<bold>Results: </bold>700 subjects with a valid measurement of S-25[OH]D and a completed questionnaire was analysed. 238 had vitamin D insufficiency, 135 had vitamin D deficiency of which 13 had severe vitamin D deficiency (S-25[OH]D < 12.5 nmol/L). The relative risk (RR) for vitamin D deficiency was highest for men 2.09 (1.52, 2.87); obese subjects 2.00 (1.27, 3.15); smokers 1.33 (1.02, 1.73); subjects who exercised 0-½ hours a week 1.88 (1.21, 2.94); and subjects who consumed fast food once a week 1.59 (1.05, 2.43). The relative risk was significantly lower for subjects who were studying for a Bachelor's degree (0.40 (0.23, 0.68). For vitamin D insufficiency, the highest RR was again for men 1.31 (1.06, 1.61); obese subjects 1.57 (1.17, 2.11); and subjects who exercised 0-½ hours a week 1.51 (1.11, 2.06).<bold>Conclusion: </bold>In this study of young adults, vitamin D deficiency was highly prevalent. Modifiable factors such as smoking, maintenance of normal BMI, and physical activity are all potential targets for interventional trials to determine the causal order; such knowledge would be useful in improving S-25[OH]D in young adults. The small group with severe vitamin D deficiency warrants increased attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- *VITAMIN D
*CALCIUM regulating hormones
*HEALTH of young adults
*SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC factors
*VITAMIN D deficiency
*SMOKING
*OBESITY complications
*ANTHROPOMETRY
*EXERCISE
*SEASONS
*SELF-evaluation
*SEX distribution
*SOCIOECONOMIC factors
*LIFESTYLES
*DISEASE prevalence
*CROSS-sectional method
*DISEASE complications
*DIAGNOSIS
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 14712458
- Volume :
- 16
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- Academic Search Index
- Journal :
- BMC Public Health
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 115308059
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-3042-9