A CAUÇÃO DOS ADMINISTRADORES DAS S.A. APÓS A ENTRADA EM VIGOR DO REGIME JURÍDICO DA SUPERVISÃO DE AUDITORIA (LEI N.? 148/2015, DE 9 DE SETEMBRO).

The entry into force of the Auditing Oversight Act (Law no. 148/2015, of 9 September) has modified the legal framework applicable to ?large limited liability companies?, foreseen in Article 413 of the Portuguese Companies Code. By way of the cross-reference foreseen in Article 396, this has greatly reduced the number of companies which may exempt their officers from the legal obligation of pledging security as collateral for liability arising from wrongful acts, performed in their capacity as officers. This modification raises relevant questions regarding the prospective and retroactive effect of the new framework, namely, the moment after which such officers will be obliged to pledge security. Likewise, it forces a revisit to another contentious issue, concerning the consequences of breaching this legal duty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]