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Analysis of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae isolated from middle ear fluid before and after the introduction of government subsidies for pneumococcal and H. influenzae type b vaccines in Japan.
- Source :
-
Journal of Infection & Chemotherapy (Elsevier Inc.) . Feb2017, Vol. 23 Issue 2, p85-89. 5p. - Publication Year :
- 2017
-
Abstract
- This study aimed to identify trends in frequency, serotype, and antimicrobial susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae isolated from middle ear fluid specimens of children aged≤15 years (mean, 2 years), before and after the introduction of the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) and the H. influenzae type b vaccine, at a pediatric facility in Japan. Sixty-six S. pneumoniae and 88 H. influenzae strains were isolated from 820 middle ear fluid samples. Serotyping and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were performed. The study time-frame was divided into period 1 (2007–2010) and period 2 (2011–2014), according to the availability of vaccine public funding. The S. pneumoniae detection rate decreased from 9.6% in period 1–6.1% in period 2 (p = 0.042). PCV7 serotypes decreased from 56.8% to 9.1% (p = 0.0002). No significant change was observed for the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) serotypes: 72.7% in period 1 and 59.1% in period 2. Penicillin-resistant strains (penicillin G-MIC ≥2 μg/mL) decreased from 25% to 4.5% (p = 0.038). Detection rates for H. influenzae did not change significantly: 10.3% in period 1 and 11.3% in period 2. Serotypes were mostly non-typeable: 97.9% in period 1 and 90.2% in period 2, and only one serotype b strain was isolated in each period. The frequency of ampicillin-resistant strains (MIC ≥4 μg/mL) did not change. These results show a preventative effect of PCV7 on otitis media due to S. pneumoniae . PCV7 was replaced with PCV13 in 2013 in Japan; therefore, a further decrease in pneumococcal otitis media is anticipated in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1341321X
- Volume :
- 23
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- Academic Search Index
- Journal :
- Journal of Infection & Chemotherapy (Elsevier Inc.)
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 120408046
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiac.2016.10.008