A Review of Source Models of the 2015 Illapel, Chile Earthquake and Insights from Tsunami Data.

The 16 September 2015 Illapel, Chile, earthquake and associated tsunami have been studied by many researchers from various aspects. This paper reviews studies on the source model of the earthquake and examines tsunami data. The Illapel earthquake occurred in the source region of previous earthquakes in 1943 and 1880. The earthquake source was studied using various geophysical data, such as near-field seismograms, teleseismic waveform and backprojection, GPS and InSAR data, and tsunami waveforms. Most seismological analyses show a duration of ~100 s with a peak at ~50 s. The spatial distribution has some variety, but they all have the largest slip varying from 5 to 16 m located at 31°S, 72°W, which is ~70 km NW of the epicenter. The shallow slip seems to be extended to the trench axis. A deeper slip patch was proposed from high-frequency seismic data. A tsunami earthquake model with a total duration of 250 s and a third asperity south of the epicenter is also proposed, but we show that the tsunami data do not support this model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]