Análisis de la utilización de un protocolo de profilaxis antibiótica en cirugía mamaria.

Background and Objectives. The concept of antibiotic prophylaxis in surgery aims to reduce the incidence of postoperative infection, with minimal patient morbidity. It is common to find theoretical protocols designed to optimize, unify, facilitate and standarize clinical processes. However when they are put into practice, execution errors that diminish their effectiveness, are made. In this paper we value objectively the application of protocol antibiotic prophylaxis during breast surgery at the University Hospital of A Coruña, Spain, and the most frequent errors that occur during the execution of the process, with the idea that our findings may be also valid for application in other centers. Methods. We retrospectively reviewed the percentage of adequate compliance in the administration of preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis in breast surgery (both benign and malignant), analyzing variables considering 5 objective quality standards. Results. All breast surgeries performed between 2008 and 2012 were collected from the hospital database, obtaining a representative sample of 45 cases / year that was studied through the qualification of 5 quality variables: 1. indication of prophylaxis, 2. appropriate choice of antibiotic, 3. dose and route of administration, 4. time of administration of the first dose, and 5. duration of prophylaxis. It was reflected a higher percentage of correct application to 90% in all quality indicators, except in 4, time of administration of the first antibiotic dose. Conclusions. We found that the most frequent errors in the administration of antibiotic prophylaxis in our center is that it is done at the wrong time, being the ideal between 2 hours and 15 minutes before the start of surgery, depending on the antibiotic used. Any improvement in the organizational circuit during the administration of prophylaxis, results in an improvement in its application and of course, in a better effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]