Identification and Mitigation of Error in the Terzaghi Bias Correction for Inhomogeneous Material Discontinuities.

Use of the scanline mapping technique in geometric surveys of rock discontinuities can often lead to a bias, in that discontinuities are not always observed when they are at small angles to the scanline. Terzaghi introduced the concept of a blind zone to explain this bias, and developed a widely used procedure to correct for it. Unfortunately, little is known about errors that may occur when the Terzaghi procedure is used outside the blind zone. This paper presents a detailed derivation to show that such errors arise with this application of the Terzaghi procedure. This error was evaluated using simulated orientation data and a case study of the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake (Sichuan, China). The results of these tests yield the optimal values of grid size and sample density for reducing the error. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]