Back to Search
Start Over
Trans-dissemination of exosomes from HIV-1-infected cells fosters both HIV-1 trans-infection in resting CD4 T lymphocytes and reactivation of the HIV-1 reservoir.
- Source :
-
Archives of Virology . Sep2017, Vol. 162 Issue 9, p2565-2577. 13p. - Publication Year :
- 2017
-
Abstract
- Intact HIV-1 and exosomes can be internalized by dendritic cells (DCs) through a common pathway leading to their transmission to CD4 T lymphocytes by means of mechanisms defined as trans-infection and trans-dissemination, respectively. We previously reported that exosomes from HIV-1-infected cells activate both uninfected quiescent CD4 T lymphocytes, which become permissive to HIV-1, and latently infected cells, with release of HIV-1 particles. However, nothing is known about the effects of trans-dissemination of exosomes produced by HIV-1-infected cells on uninfected or latently HIV-1-infected CD4 T lymphocytes. Here, we report that trans-dissemination of exosomes from HIV-1-infected cells induces cell activation in resting CD4 T lymphocytes, which appears stronger with mature than immature DCs. Using purified preparations of both HIV-1 and exosomes, we observed that mDC-mediated trans-dissemination of exosomes from HIV-1-infected cells to resting CD4 T lymphocytes induces efficient trans-infection and HIV-1 expression in target cells. Most relevant, when both mDCs and CD4 T lymphocytes were isolated from combination anti-retroviral therapy (ART)-treated HIV-1-infected patients, trans-dissemination of exosomes from HIV-1-infected cells led to HIV-1 reactivation from the viral reservoir. In sum, our data suggest a role of exosome trans-dissemination in both HIV-1 spread in the infected host and reactivation of the HIV-1 reservoir. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- *VIRUS reactivation
*HIV infections
*EXOSOMES
*CD4 antigen
*T cells
*HOSTS (Biology)
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 03048608
- Volume :
- 162
- Issue :
- 9
- Database :
- Academic Search Index
- Journal :
- Archives of Virology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 124728696
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-017-3391-4