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Long-Term Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution and Incidence of Postmenopausal Breast Cancer in 15 European Cohorts within the ESCAPE Project.
- Source :
-
Environmental Health Perspectives . Oct2017, Vol. 125 Issue 10, p1-14. 14p. 10 Charts, 1 Map. - Publication Year :
- 2017
-
Abstract
- BACKGROUND: Epidemiological evidence on the association between ambient air pollution and breast cancer risk is inconsistent. OBJECTIVE: We examined the association between long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and incidence of postmenopausal breast cancer in European women. METHODS: In 15 cohorts from nine European countries, individual estimates of air pollution levels at the residence were estimated by standardized land-use regression models developed within the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE) and Transport related Air Pollution and Health impacts - Integrated Methodologies for Assessing Particulate Matter (TRANSPHORM) projects: particulate matter (PM) ≤2:5 μm, ≤10 μm, and 2:5-10 μm in diameter (PM2.5, PM10, and PMcoarse, respectively); PM2.5 absorbance; nitrogen oxides (NO2 and NOx); traffic intensity; and elemental composition of PM. We estimated cohort-specific associations between breast cancer and air pollutants using Cox regression models, adjusting for major lifestyle risk factors, and pooled cohort-specific estimates using random-effects meta-analyses. RESULTS: Of 74,750 postmenopausal women included in the study, 3,612 developed breast cancer during 991,353 person-years of follow-up. We found positive and statistically insignificant associations between breast cancer and PM2.5 {hazard ratio (HR)=1:08 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.77, 1.51] per 5 μg = m3}, PM10 [1.07 (95% CI: 0.89, 1.30) per 10 μg = m3], PMcoarse [1.20 (95% CI: 0.96, 1.49 per 5 μg = m3], and NO2 [1.02 (95% CI: 0.98, 1.07 per 10 μg = m3], and a statistically significant association with NOx [1.04 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.08) per 20 μg = m3, p = 0:04]. CONCLUSIONS: We found suggestive evidence of an association between ambient air pollution and incidence of postmenopausal breast cancer in European women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- *AIR pollution
*AUTOMOBILES
*BREAST tumors
*CHI-squared test
*CONFIDENCE intervals
*EPIDEMIOLOGICAL research
*LONGITUDINAL method
*MEDICAL cooperation
*META-analysis
*NITROGEN oxides
*PROBABILITY theory
*REGRESSION analysis
*RESEARCH
*RESEARCH funding
*EVIDENCE-based medicine
*PROFESSIONAL practice
*ENVIRONMENTAL exposure
*STATISTICAL significance
*PARTICULATE matter
*PROPORTIONAL hazards models
*POSTMENOPAUSE
*DATA analysis software
*DESCRIPTIVE statistics
*ODDS ratio
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 00916765
- Volume :
- 125
- Issue :
- 10
- Database :
- Academic Search Index
- Journal :
- Environmental Health Perspectives
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 125707575
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1742