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Inflammatory Colonic Innate Lymphoid Cells Are Increased During Untreated HIV-1 Infection and Associated With Markers of Gut Dysbiosis and Mucosal Immune Activation.
- Source :
-
JAIDS: Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes . Dec2017, Vol. 76 Issue 4, p431-437. 7p. 2 Graphs. - Publication Year :
- 2017
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Abstract
- Background: HIV-1 infection is associated with intestinal inflammation, changes in the enteric microbiota (dysbiosis), and intestinal epithelial cell damage. NKp44+ innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) play an important role in epithelial barrier maintenance through the production of interleukin (IL)-22 but also display functional plasticity and can produce inflammatory cytokines [eg, interferon gamma (IFNγ)] in response to cytokine milieu and stimulatory signals. The objective of this pilot study was to enumerate frequencies of IL-22 and IFNγ-expressing colonic NKp44+ ILCs during untreated, chronic HIV-1 infection. Setting: A cross-sectional study was performed to compare numbers of cytokine-expressing ILCs in colonic biopsies of untreated, chronic HIV-1 infected (n = 22), and uninfected (n = 10) study participants. Associations between cytokine+ ILC and previously established measures of virological, immunological, and microbiome indices were analyzed. Methods: Multicolor flow cytometry was used to measure the absolute number of colonic CD3-NKp±6CD56± ILCs expressing IL-22 or IFNγ after in vitro mitogenic stimulation. Results: Numbers of colonic NKp44+ ILCs that expressed IFNγ were significantly higher in HIV-1 infected versus uninfected persons and positively correlated with relative abundances of dysbiotic bacterial species in the Xanthomonadaceae and Prevotellaceae bacterial families and with colonic myeloid dendritic cell and T-cell activation. Conclusion: Higher numbers of inflammatory colonic ILCs during untreated chronic HIV-1 infection that associated with dysbiosis and colonic myeloid dendritic cell and T-cell activation suggest that inflammatory ILCs may contribute to gut mucosal inflammation and epithelial barrier breakdown, important features of HIV-1 mucosal pathogenesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 15254135
- Volume :
- 76
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- Academic Search Index
- Journal :
- JAIDS: Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 126096705
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0000000000001523