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Development of a carboxymethyl chitosan functionalized nanoemulsion formulation for increasing aqueous solubility, stability and skin permeability of astaxanthin using low-energy method.
- Source :
-
Journal of Microencapsulation . Dec2017, Vol. 34 Issue 8, p707-721. 15p. - Publication Year :
- 2017
-
Abstract
- In this research, firstly astaxanthin (ASX)-loaded nanoemulsions (NEs) were produced using a convenient low-energy emulsion phase inversion method. The optimised ASX-NEs were prepared in the presence of Cremophor®EL and Labrafil®M 1944 CS, with a surfactant-to-oil ratio of 4:6. The ASX-NE droplets were spherical with a mean droplet diameter below 100 nm and a small negative surface charge. The system was stable without alteration of mean droplet diameter for three months. Then, the ASX-NE was functionalised with carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) through direct CMCS (0.02%) incorporation during the preparation process. The ASX chemical stability and skin permeability increased in the following order: ASX solution control < ASX-NE < CMCS-ASX-NE. Cell viability assays on L929 cells revealed low cytotoxicity of blank NE, ASX-NE and CMCS-ASX-NE in the range from 5 to 500 μg mL−1. In conclusion, the CMCS-ASX-NE might be a promising delivery vehicle in dermal and transdermal products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 02652048
- Volume :
- 34
- Issue :
- 8
- Database :
- Academic Search Index
- Journal :
- Journal of Microencapsulation
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 126867077
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1080/02652048.2017.1373154