The effects of magnetic field and polarization on the permeability and permittivity of (1 – x)Ni0.4Zn0.6Fe2O4+x Pb(Zr0.53Ti0.47)O3 composites at high frequency.

(1 – x)Ni0.4Zn0.6Fe2O4+xPb(Zr0.53Ti0.47)O3 (x  =  0–1) multiferroic composite materials were prepared by a conventional sintering process. The magnetic permeability and permittivity were researched at high frequency in detail. The permittivity ε′ decreases slightly with the frequency and the permittivity ε″ shows a peak in the 3 MHz–1 GHz range. The permeability displays a relaxation resonance within the 3 MHz–1 GHz frequency range. The magnetic resonances of the domain wall and spin rotation were excited by the external dc magnetic field in the microwave frequency. The resonance peaks in the imaginary permeability move to high frequency with the magnetic field, but shift to low frequency in the composite samples. The permittivity spectra exhibit two resonance peaks after polarization. The changes of the permittivity and permeability under magnetic field or/and after polarization confirm the interaction between ferromagnetism and ferroelectricity in the microwave frequency. The observed phenomena were understood by employing a resonance equation for the domain wall motion and a Landau–Gilbert equation for the spin rotation. The results indicate that permittivity and permeability can be adjusted by the magnetic field or electric field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]