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Seismological constraints on the down-dip shape of normal faults.
- Source :
-
Geophysical Journal International . Apr2018, Vol. 213 Issue 1, p534-560. 27p. - Publication Year :
- 2018
-
Abstract
- We present a seismological technique for determining the down-dip shape of seismogenic normal faults. Synthetic models of non-planar source geometries reveal the important signals in teleseismic P and SH waveforms that are diagnostic of down-dip curvature. In particular, along-strike SH waveforms are the most sensitive to variations in source geometry, and have significantly more complex and larger-amplitudewaveforms for curved source geometries than planar ones. We present the results of our forward-modelling technique for 13 earthquakes. Most continental normal-faulting earthquakes that rupture through the full seismogenic layer are planar and have dips of 30°-60°. There is evidence for faults with a listric shape from some of the earthquakes occurring in two regions; Tibet and East Africa. These ruptures occurred on antithetic faults, or minor faults within the hanging walls of the rifts affected, which may suggest a reason for the down-dip curvature. For these earthquakes, the change in dip across the seismogenic part of the fault plane is ≤30°. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 0956540X
- Volume :
- 213
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- Academic Search Index
- Journal :
- Geophysical Journal International
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 128145419
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggx432