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Ciprofloxacin-metal complexes –stability and toxicity tests in the presence of humic substances.
- Source :
-
Chemosphere . Jul2018, Vol. 202, p549-559. 11p. - Publication Year :
- 2018
-
Abstract
- The co-contamination of ciprofloxacin (CIP) with metal ions results in alteration of CIP mobility, antimicrobial activity and distribution/development of the antibiotic-resistance genes. In this study, the stability of five CIP-Me complexes [Me = Al(III), Co(II), Cu(II), Fe(III), Mg] was investigated in the presence of humic substances (HS) at two temperatures 18 ± 2 °C and 4 ± 1 °C for seven days period. The most stable complexes were CIP-Al, CIP-Cu, and CIP-Co with the stability constants ( K ) at 18 °C 35.5 ± 1.4 11.5 ± 1.5 and 11.7 ± 1.5 respectively. At lower temperature (4 °C), the stability constants decreased: 1-fold for CIP-Al, 14-fold for CIP-Co and 2-fold for CIP-Cu. The presence of humic substances decreased the stability of complexes. The chemical reactions of Fe 3+ in water at circumneutral pH resulted in stability alteration. The formation of CIP-Mg complexes at lower temperatures and in the presence of HS was limited. In ultrapure water, CIP-Me complexes exhibit higher toxicity towards Gram-negative Enterobacter aeruginosa (ranged between 0.125 and 0.5 μg/ml). However, the presence of HS reduced the antimicrobial activity of CIP-Me complexes by at least 2-fold. Gram-positive representative, Bacillus subtilis was not affected by the presence of metal ions and/or HS. The toxicity toward B. subtilis for the complexes was equal to toxicity of CIP alone (MIC = 0.25 μg/ml). This suggested the different susceptibility to CIP and its complexes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 00456535
- Volume :
- 202
- Database :
- Academic Search Index
- Journal :
- Chemosphere
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 128956393
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.03.117