Analysis of the bystander effect in cone photoreceptors via a guided neural network platform.

The article focuses on study on the mechanism of retinal development and degeneration. It describes a neural network chip (NN-Chip) developed to load single neurons into highly ordered microwells connected by microchannels. Convincing evidence of the existence of a cone-to-cone bystander killing effect was demonstrated while observing the distribution of apoptosis spreading from light-induced apoptotic cones to the surrounding cones.