Multilayered graphene oxide membranes for water treatment: A review.

Abstract Resolution of the global fresh-water crisis requires advanced separation systems and hence the search for perfect separation materials is being undertaken vigorously. The ideal membrane material should be capable of being easily fabricated and modified to obtain a controllable performance. Graphene oxide (GO) is a graphene-based material with oxygen-containing functional groups. In recent years, GO-based separation membranes have received a lot of attention in the field of separation technology. In this review, we discuss the methods to fabricate or modify multilayered GO membranes. GO membranes and conventional separation membranes are compared and discussed. Further, we compared the molecular dynamics simulation results and the applications of GO membranes. Finally, we summarize the challenges and point out possible future research directions. This review is expected to help researchers obtain a quick idea of multilayered GO membranes and aid in future research for designing and fabricating multilayered GO membranes. Graphical abstract The graphical abstract includes some vary representative schematic views for permeation route in multilayered GO membrane [1–2], a new structure of multilayered GO membrane [3], and three kinds of crosslinked GO nanosheets [4]. Image [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]