In-line MZI magnetic sensor based on seven-core fiber and fiber peanut symmetrical structure.

An in-line optical fiber Mach–Zehnder interferometric (MZI) sensor is proposed and experimentally demonstrated for magnetic field measurement. The fabrication mechanism of the optical fiber microstructures by CO2 laser is described in detail. The sensor with symmetrical structure is fabricated by splicing a 7-mm length of seven-core fiber and two fiber peanuts, which is encapsulated with magnetic fluid in the capillary. The transmission spectrum of the MZI is modulated by the refractive index of the magnetic fluid, which is affected by the magnetic field. The experimental results indicate that the mode interference is sensitive to the magnetic field and different dips of the interference spectrum have different sensitivities. Hence, simultaneous measurement of the temperature and magnetic field can be achieved by simultaneously monitoring two different dips. The sensitivities of the magnetic field and temperature can reach up to 0.062 nm∕Gs and 0.081 nm∕°C, respectively. The proposed Mach–Zehnder interference sensor has a more compact structure, simple manufacturing process, and high reliability, which would find potential applications in weak magnetic sensing fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]