KOMUNIKACJA W SCHIZOFRENII. PRZYCZYNY STYGMATÓW I KIERUNKI TERAPII.

Thesis. Schizophrenia is a mental disorder manifested through two broad areas of positive (hallucinations and delusions) and negative symptoms, which include withdrawal and decreased motivation. The negative symptoms are not as readily perceptible, however, they are significantly detrimental in establishing and maintaining relationships with persons with schizophrenia. Impairments in speech and communication are connected with the positive as well as the negative symptoms of schizophrenia. On the one hand, the lack of motivation to talk, and on the other hand, the disintegration of speech, as well as difficulties in comprehending ambiguities, impede communication with the environment and may lead to stigmatization. Discussed conceptions. The aim of the present paper is to describe those anomalies in schizophrenia which may be misconstrued, and thus lead to social stigma and to define therapeutic goals. Schizophasia (a speech disorder typical for schizophrenics) is characterized by incoherent speech and disintegration on the pragmatic, semantic, and formal grammatical level. Results and conclusion. The aim of the therapist ought to be the planning and conducting of therapy which can help the patient deliver coherent speech, communicate in dialogue, reconstruct proper narration, and overcome the fear of speaking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]