Molecularly imprinted silica gel incorporated with agarose polymer matrix as mixed matrix membrane for separation and preconcentration of sulfonamide antibiotics in water samples.

Abstract Molecularly imprinted silica gel (MISG) was incorporated through dispersion in agarose polymer matrix to form a mixed matrix membrane (MMM) and was applied for the determination of three sulfonamide antibiotic compounds (i.e. sulfamethoxazole (SMX), sulfamonomethoxine (SMM), and sulfadiazine (SDZ)) from environmental water samples. Several important microextraction conditions, such as type of desorption solvent, extraction time, amount of sorbent, sample volume, pH, and effect of desorption time, were comprehensively optimized. A preconcentration factors of ≥ 20 was achieved by the extraction of 12.5 mL of water samples using the developed method. This microextraction-HPLC method demonstrated good linearity (1–500 μg L–1) with a coefficient of determination (R 2 ) of 0.9959–0.9999, low limits of detection (0.06–0.17 μg L–1) and limits of quantification (0.20–0.56 μg L–1), good analyte recoveries (80–96%), and acceptable relative standard deviations (< 10%) under the optimized conditions. The method is systematically compared to those reported in the literature. Graphical abstract fx1 Highlights • MISG was used as sorbent in MMM for SAs microextraction. • The developed method provides high sensitivity of SAs by HPLC-DAD. • Excellent accuracy and precision were achieved. • The method was applied to analysis of water samples. • Superior benefits: simplicity, cost-effective, rapid analysis and inexpensive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]