Dynamic changes in norisoprenoids and phenylalanine-derived volatiles in off-vine Vidal blanc grape during late harvest.

Highlights • Glycosidically bound and free form volatiles identified within off-vine Vidal. • Cluster analysis and volcano plot were jointly used for holistic analysis of volatiles. • Off-vine grapes accumulated more 2-phenylalanol than on-vine grapes. • Off-vine treatment can induce upregulation effects on some higher alcohols. Abstract We investigated the dynamic changes in norisoprenoids and phenylalanine derivatives in off-vine Vidal blanc. Glycosidically bound as well as free-form volatile compounds were identified by GC–MS in two vintages. Thus, off-vine grape exhibited the development of four higher alcohols (viz. linalool oxide, 2-octanol, 1-pentanol, and 1-heptanol), C13-norisoprenoids (α-ionone), phenylalanine-derivates (2-phenylethanol), whereas β-ionone and geranial showed high correlation in on-vine grape. Freeze-thaw cycles and desiccation, two exterior stress affect volatile compound development, resulted in content fluctuations during late harvest. Interestingly, the total content of higher alcohols was higher in on-vine grapes than off-vine grapes in two vintages respectively. Interestingly, the content of higher alcohols was higher in off-vine samples in the 2016 and 2017 vintages. In terms of physicochemical parameters, off-vine Vidal showed results similar to those of on-vine sample. Nevertheless, sensorial impression of the grape juice was influenced by interaction of vintages and vine treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]