A polarization reconfigurable omnidirectional antenna realized by the gravity field tailored.

In this article, a polarization reconfigurable omnidirectional antenna realized by the gravity field tailored is proposed, which is composed of the liquid metal Hg. The antenna is composed of four horizontal glass containers for omnidirectional horizontally polarized (HP) operating state (State I) and four tilted glass containers for omnidirectional circularly polarized (CP) working state (State II). By rotating the antenna, the position of Hg can be changed due to the effect of the gravity field, and different resonant structures can be formed to realize the regulation of polarization states between HP and CP working states. A reflector based on electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structure also is introduced, which can increase the gain and widen axial ratio (AR) bandwidth. The simulated results show that when the antenna is not rotated (State I), the 10‐dB impedance bandwidth is 21.2% (2.83~3.5 GHz). When the antenna is rotated (State II), the 10‐dB impedance bandwidth is 37.7% (2.35~3.44 GHz), and the 3‐dB AR bandwidth is 28.5% (2.35~3.13 GHz). After introducing the reflector, the max gain is increased to 2.1 dBic in State I and 2.2 dBic in State II, respectively. To further characterize the concept of the proposed antenna, a parametric study is carried out using HFSS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]