DNA translation.

The process of translation can be seen as the decoding of instructions for making proteins, involving messenger RNA in transcription as well as transfer RNA. The genes in DNA encode protein molecules, which are the “workhorses” of the cell, carrying out all the functions necessary for life. For example, enzymes, including those that metabolize nutrients and synthesize new cellular constituents, as well as DNA polymerases and other enzymes that make the copies of DNA during cell division, are all proteins. In the simplest sense, expressing a gene means manufacturing its corresponding protein, and this multilayered process has two major steps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]