Estimation of Unscheduled Flows and Contribution Factors Based on Lp Norms.

This paper portrays a novel approach based on Lp norms to estimate the unscheduled flows occurring in a wide area interconnected system. Contribution factors for the utilities toward the loop flow scenario are designed based on the participation. This may be used as an effective market tool to establish equitable charge or compensation to utilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]