Quantum filtering for a two-level atom driven by two counter-propagating photons.

The purpose of this paper is to propose quantum filters for a two-level atom driven by two continuous-mode counter-propagating photons and under continuous measurements. Two scenarios of multiple measurements are discussed: (1) homodyne detection plus photodetection and (2) two homodyne detections. Filtering equations for both cases are derived explicitly. As demonstration, the two input photons with rising exponential and Gaussian pulse shapes are used to excite a two-level atom under two homodyne detection measurements. Simulations reveal scaling relations between atom-photon coupling and photonic pulse shape for maximum atomic excitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]