Implementation of Microstructural Material Phenomena in Macro Scale Simulations of Forming Processes.

The paper deals with problems related to full/macro scale simulations of industrial forming processes. Large-scale numerical simulations and virtual modeling are replacing prototypes in order to reduce costs and time. This requires accurate and reliable predictions. To satisfy these requirements, sophisticated material models including micro-structural phenomena as phase transitions, aging, and recrystallization have to be considered on macro scale level simulation. Solution strategies are discussed and some examples are given of complex thermo- mechanically coupled forming simulations. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]