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Exercise prevents obesity-induced cognitive decline and white matter damage in mice.
- Source :
-
Neurobiology of Aging . Aug2019, Vol. 80, p154-172. 19p. - Publication Year :
- 2019
-
Abstract
- Obesity in the western world has reached epidemic proportions, and yet the long-term effects on brain health are not well understood. To address this, we performed transcriptional profiling of brain regions from a mouse model of western diet (WD)-induced obesity. Both the cortex and hippocampus from C57BL/6J (B6) mice fed either a WD or a control diet from 2 months of age to 12 months of age (equivalent to midlife in a human population) were profiled. Gene set enrichment analyses predicted that genes involved in myelin generation, inflammation, and cerebrovascular health were differentially expressed in brains from WD-fed compared to control diet-fed mice. White matter damage and cerebrovascular decline were evident in brains from WD-fed mice using immunofluorescence and electron microscopy. At the cellular level, the WD caused an increase in the numbers of oligodendrocytes and myeloid cells suggesting that a WD is perturbing myelin turnover. Encouragingly, cerebrovascular damage and white matter damage were prevented by exercising WD-fed mice despite mice still gaining a significant amount of weight. Collectively, these data show that chronic consumption of a WD in B6 mice causes obesity, neuroinflammation, and cerebrovascular and white matter damage, but these potentially damaging effects can be prevented by modifiable risk factors such as exercise. • White matter damage is present in both humans and mouse models of obesity. • Myeloid cells increase in white matter regions in western diet (WD)-fed obese mice. • Blood-brain barrier dysfunction occurs in WD-fed obese mice. • Voluntary running prevented damaging effects of a WD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- *WESTERN diet
*MICE
*EXERCISE
*BLOOD-brain barrier
*POPULATION
*MAZE tests
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 01974580
- Volume :
- 80
- Database :
- Academic Search Index
- Journal :
- Neurobiology of Aging
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 137777145
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2019.03.018