Development of a friction model based on oblique cutting theory.

• A 3D friction model is developed based on oblique cutting theory. • Conventional and ultrasonic assisted turning and face turning are simulated. • Cutting forces and cutting angles determine the friction value. • The differences of forces plus inclination and rake angles are very effective on friction value. As turning is a 3D operation, development of a friction model considering all cutting forces and angles, is essential. In this study, shear friction model is extended based on oblique cutting theory. The developed model calculates friction value using measured cutting forces coupled with their related angles. To use the model, the operation is carried out in two methods of turning and face turning (with and without ultrasonic vibrations). Then the friction values based on experimental results are calculated. A finite element method is developed to evaluate the accuracy of the values. The results show that the values of simulated tool temperatures are in good agreement with the experiments. Furthermore, the effect of cutting forces on friction values are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]