Establecimiento in vitro de Monstera acuminata Koch y Monstera deliciosa Liebm.

In this paper we present the bases for the aseptic establishment of Monstera acuminata Koch and Monstera deliciosa Liebm from leaves and the induction of in vitro organogenesis of M. acuminata K. from discs of stems of young shoots. Different disinfection protocols were applied to mature leaves and young shoots, from which foliar explants of 1 cm2 of both species were extracted, and stem disks approximately 1 mm of thick in M. acuminata K. The explants were established in semi-solid media with different hormonal treatments during the stage of aseptic establishment and induction of organogenesis. Disinfection with 3% of sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) for 20 min and 50% Murashige y Skoog medium (1962) with PPM, led to less oxidation in the leaf explants of both species. All the explants in the two treatments belonging to M. deliciosa, grown in medium added with PPM and different disinfection protocols, survived, did not present contamination and more than 80% maintained answer's capacity until 49 days of culture. After 35 days of culture, with disinfection in Tween 20 + Ethanol 20% + 2.5% NaClO, and sowing of the explants in the MS medium added with 1 mg/l of BAP, 0.5 mg/l of AIA and 0.1 mg/l of ANA was induced to induce seven new shoots of stem disks. M. deliciosa had better ability to adapt to in vitro conditions. Advances in the establishment and induction of organogenesis in native araceas for wicker production are the basis for ex situ conservation of local populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]