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Visualizing the translation and packaging of HIV-1 full-length RNA.
- Source :
-
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 3/17/2020, Vol. 117 Issue 11, p6145-6155. 11p. - Publication Year :
- 2020
-
Abstract
- HIV-1 full-length RNA (HIV-1 RNA) plays a central role in viral replication, serving as a template for Gag/Gag-Pol translation and as a genome for the progeny virion. To gain a better understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of HIV-1 replication, we adapted a recently described system to visualize and track translation from individual HIV-1 RNA molecules in living cells. We found that, on average, half of the cytoplasmic HIV-1 RNAs are being actively translated at a given time. Furthermore, translating and nontranslating RNAs are well mixed in the cytoplasm; thus, Gag biogenesis occurs throughout the cytoplasm without being constrained to particular subcellular locations. Gag is an RNA binding protein that selects and packages HIV-1 RNA during virus assembly. A longstanding question in HIV-1 gene expression is whether Gag modulates HIV-1 RNA translation. We observed that despite its RNAbinding ability, Gag expression does not alter the proportion of translating HIV-1 RNA. Using single-molecule tracking, we found that both translating and nontranslating RNAs exhibit dynamic cytoplasmicmovement and can reach the plasma membrane, the major HIV-1 assembly site. However, Gag selectively packages nontranslating RNA into the assembly complex. These studies illustrate that although HIV-1 RNA serves two functions, as a translation template and as a viral genome, individual RNA molecules carry out only one function at a time. These studies shed light on previously unknown aspects of HIV-1 gene expression and regulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- *GENETIC regulation
*RNA-binding proteins
*RNA
*VIRAL genomes
*CELL membranes
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 00278424
- Volume :
- 117
- Issue :
- 11
- Database :
- Academic Search Index
- Journal :
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 142373865
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1917590117