Factors associated with glycaemic control in adults with Type 1 diabetes: a registry‐based analysis including 7601 individuals from 34 centres in Norway.

Aims: To use data from the Norwegian Diabetes Registry for Adults and Statistics Norway to assess factors associated with glycaemic control in type 1 diabetes. Methods: The analyses included all individuals aged ≥18 years who had a type 1 diabetes duration of >2 years and a recorded value in the registry between 2013 and 2015 (n=7601). Predicted mean HbA1c levels for subgroups of participants were assessed using linear regression analysis. Results: Young age (18–25 years), low education levels, smoking, living alone, exercising infrequently, monitoring glucose infrequently, high insulin requirements, low frequency of symptomatic hypoglycaemia, history of ketoacidosis and a BMI <18.5 kg/m2 were associated with a 2–12‐mmol/mol (0.2–1.1%) higher HbA1c level. Those with 10–15 years of diabetes duration had 5‐mmol/mol (0.5%) higher HbA1c level than those who had a diabetes duration of 2–5 years. Sex, participation (ever) in a diabetes education course, or ever experiencing serious hypoglycaemia were not associated with glycaemic control. Conclusions: We present representative national data on factors that were associated with glycaemic control. A better understanding and awareness of these factors, together with technological advances in diabetes management, could lead to more personalized management strategies, better glycaemic control and a lower risk of diabetes complications. What's new?: This registry‐based analysis from Norway showed that young age, smoking, previous ketoacidosis, lower levels of education, low frequency of self‐monitoring of blood glucose and high insulin requirements were associated with higher HbA1c levels.Living alone was associated with higher HbA1c levels.Frequent exercise was associated with lower HbA1c levels.Increasing frequency of hypoglycaemia per month was associated with lower HbA1c levels.A diabetes duration of 10–15 years was associated with a higher HbA1c than a duration of 2–5 years.Sex was not associated with the level of glycaemic control.A better awareness of these factors could lead to more personalized and better management strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]