Non-equilibrium approach for the simulation of CO2 expansion in two-phase ejector driven by subcritical motive pressure.

• Non-equilibrium approach for supersonic expansion of carbon-dioxide was presented. • Phase-change intensity was calibrated on the basis of 150 experimental points. • High quality of the motive nozzle mass flow rate prediction was obtained. • Field results were analysed having regard vapour quality and velocity distribution. A non-equilibrium approach was proposed for highly accurate modelling of the expansion process during two-phase flow in the convergent-divergent motive nozzle of an R744 ejector. Comprehensive mapping of the coefficients used in the source terms of the additional transport equation of the vapour quality was provided on the basis of four ejector geometries. The calibration range contained motive pressures from 50 bar to 70 bar, where the prediction quality of the homogeneous equilibrium (HEM) and relaxation (HRM) models, was unsatisfactory. The calibrated model was validated on the basis of experimental mass flow rate data collected from 150 operating points. The mapping results were utilised for final model derivation in the form of an approximation function for R744 expansion. The validation process resulted in satisfactory relative error below 10% for the vast majority of the cases. Moreover, 70% of the simulated cases were considered with a mass flow rate discrepancy below 7.5% in the inaccuracy. Finally, the selected cases were compared and discussed with the HEM approach on the basis of field results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]