Application of α-n-butyl 2-cyanoacrylate medical adhesive for repair of oral mucosal wound of rats.

BACKGROUND: α-n-Butyl cyanoacrylate medical adhesive (504 medical adhesive) has good biocompatibility and anti-bacterial properties. It is a simple and effective medical adhesive. Little is reported on the application of α-n-butyl cyanoacrylate medical adhesive in surgical incision closure in the field of oral cavity. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of α-n-butyl cyanoacrylate medical adhesive on oral mucosal wounds healing. METHODS: Fifteen female SD rat (Laboratory Animal Center of Chongqing Medical University, China) models of oral mucosal incisions were established and then divided into a natural healing group (without any treatment), silk suture group (interrupted stitches with absorbable surgical suture), and 504 medical adhesive group (wound closure with α-n-butyl cyanoacrylate medical adhesive) group. At 7 days after surgery, gross and histological observation was performed. Twenty female SD rats were established into models of 1 cm x 1 cm oral mucosa defect and then divided into two groups: a natural healing group (without any treatment) and a 504 closure group (covering the wound defect with α-n-butyl cyanoacrylate medical adhesive). At 10 days after surgery, gross and histological observation of defect area was performed. This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Chongqing Medical University, China. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Oral mucosal incision wound model: gross observation showed that the wounds in the three groups healed well, and no inflammatory reaction such as swelling and pus was found. Histological observation showed that the epithelium of the silk suture group was complete and continuous, the nail process of the epithelium was short and flat, the number of fibroblasts in the lamina propria increased, and a large number of inflammatory cells infiltrated in the suture track area. In the natural healing and 504 closure groups, the mucosal epithelium healed well, the nail process of the epithelium was thin and long, the fibroblasts in the lamina propria proliferated actively, and there were many collagen fibers. The fibers in the 504 closure group were arranged more closely and orderly than those in the silk suture group. Oral mucosa defect model: Gross observation showed that the wound in the natural healing group did not heal completely, and there was no infection such as swelling, necrosis, and ulceration. In the 504 closure group, wound surface basically healed. Histological observation revealed that in the natural healing group, mucosal defect was obvious, the epithelial layer was not closely connected with the lamina propria, necrotic tissue, a small amount of fibroblasts and a large number of inflammatory cells were observed. In the 504 closure group, the length of margin of mucosal defect was significantly reduced, fibroblast proliferation and vascular regeneration could be observed in the lamina propria, and fibers were orderly arranged. These results suggest that α-n-butyl cyanoacrylate medical adhesive has little foreign body reaction and can promote the regeneration of mucosal tissue, providing a potential method to close oral mucosal wound. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]