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Modeling Breast Cancer Using CRISPR-Cas9-Mediated Engineering of Human Breast Organoids.

Authors :
Dekkers, Johanna F
Whittle, James R
Vaillant, François
Chen, Huei-Rong
Dawson, Caleb
Liu, Kevin
Geurts, Maarten H
Herold, Marco J
Clevers, Hans
Lindeman, Geoffrey J
Visvader, Jane E
Source :
JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute. May2020, Vol. 112 Issue 5, p540-544. 5p. 2 Graphs.
Publication Year :
2020

Abstract

Breast cancer is characterized by histological and functional heterogeneity, posing a clinical challenge for patient treatment. Emerging evidence suggests that the distinct subtypes reflect the repertoire of genetic alterations and the target cell. However, the precise initiating events that predispose normal epithelium to neoplasia are poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that breast epithelial organoids can be generated from human reduction mammoplasties (12 out of 12 donors), thus creating a tool to study the clonal evolution of breast cancer. To recapitulate de novo oncogenesis, we exploited clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 for targeted knockout of four breast cancer-associated tumor suppressor genes (P53, PTEN, RB1, NF1) in mammary progenitor cells from six donors. Mutant organoids gained long-term culturing capacity and formed estrogen-receptor positive luminal tumors on transplantation into mice for one out of six P53/PTEN/RB1-mutated and three out of six P53/PTEN/RB1/NF1-mutated lines. These organoids responded to endocrine therapy or chemotherapy, supporting the potential utility of this model to enhance our understanding of the molecular events that culminate in specific subtypes of breast cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
00278874
Volume :
112
Issue :
5
Database :
Academic Search Index
Journal :
JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
143381952
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djz196