Mobile phone GPS data in urban ride-sharing: An assessment method for emission reduction potential.

• Proposing a framework to assess the emission reduction potential of ride-sharing from empirical mobility data. • Proposing a deep learning-based method that shows higher performance than traditional simulation method. • Over 1 million historical individual GPS records in Tokyo area are employed for analysis. • We found that averagely 26.97% of traveling distance can be saved and maximally 84.52% of reduction of CO2 emission. Spreading green and low-consumption transportation methods is becoming an urgent priority. Ride-sharing, which refers to the sharing of car journeys so that more than one person travel in a car, and prevents the need for others to drive to a location themselves, is a critical solution to this issue. Before being introduced into one place, it needs a potential analysis. However, current studies did this kind of analysis based on home and work locations or social ties between people, which is not precise and straight enough. Few pieces of research departed from real mobility data, but uses time-consuming methodology. In this paper, we proposed an analysis framework to bridge this gap. We chose the case study of Tokyo area with over 1 million GPS travel records and trained a deep learning model to find out this potential. From the computation result, on average, nearly 26.97% of travel distance could be saved by ride-sharing, which told us that there is a significant similarity in the travel pattern of people in Tokyo and there is considerable potential of ride-sharing. Moreover, if half of the original public transit riders in our study case adopt ride-sharing, the quantity of CO 2 is estimated to be reduced by 84.52%; if all of the original public transit riders in our study case adopt ride-sharing, 83.56% of CO 2 emission reduction can be expected with a rebound effect because of increase of participants from public transit. Ride-sharing can not only improve the air quality of these center business districts but also alleviate some city problems like traffic congestion. We believe the analysis of the potential of ride-sharing can provide insight into the decision making of ride-sharing service providers and decision-makers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]