Dynamic pulse‐to‐pulse thermal load effects in pulse‐train‐mode self‐seeded X‐ray free‐electron laser.

Thermal load has been a haunting factor that undermines the brightness and coherence of the self‐seeded X‐ray free‐electron laser. Different from uniformly pulsed mode, in pulse train mode a thermal quasi‐steady state of the crystal monochromator may not be reached. This leads to a dynamic thermal distortion of the spectral transmission curves and seed quality degradation. In this paper, the pulse‐to‐pulse thermal load effects on the spectral transmission curves and seed quality are shown, and some instructive information for the tuning process is provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]