Mono-dispersed nano-hydroxyapatite based MRI probe with tetrahedral DNA nanostructures modification for in vitro tumor cell imaging.

Taking advantage of the superior biocompatibility, good stability in a wide pH and temperature range, as well as its strong affinity with DNA of hydroxyapatite (HAp), tetrahedral DNA nanostructures (TDNs) conjugated with AS1411 aptamer (anti -nucleolin overexpressed on tumor cell membranes) were employed as affinity ligands to construct a novel mono-dispersed HAp based probe with Gd3+ doping (Apt-TDNs-GdHAp) for MR imaging. The adsorption of TDNs on the nano-HAp surface facilely accomplished the construction of the Apt-TDNs-GdHAp probes. Meanwhile, the use of hydrophilic TDNs not only favored the phase-transfer from the oil phase to the aqueous phase, but also enhanced the mono-dispersion of this probe due to the well-ordered distribution of TDNs on the surface of nano-HAp. Moreover, Apt-TDNs-GdHAp probe with a better mono-dispersion and crystalinity achieved twice higher longitudinal relaxivity (r 1 value) than that of GdHAp synthesized by microwave-assisted method (Microwave-GdHAp), exhibiting much more excellent T 1 -weighted imaging performance. With the introduction of TDNs, the stability and the tumor-targeting accessibility were also greatly improved, showing its great potential for further bio-applications. A novel mono-dispersed Gd3+-doped HAp based MRI probe modified by TDNs with AS1411 conjugation was facilely fabricated for tumor-cell imaging, exhibiting much more excellent T 1 -weighted imaging performance than that of Microwave-GdHAp. Image 1 • A nano-hydroxyapatite based MRI probe was facilely fabricated. • The good mono-dispersion is favorable for its MRI contrast performance. • The probe showed excellent mono-dispersion, stability and tumor-targeting performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]