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The paper is focused on the critical factors affecting the development of reading literacy. There are four crucial factors based on international research: literacy skills, book availability, alternatives and culture. Reading skill is interconnected with the motivation for reading, and it is formed long before children enter the school. Research confirms that student motivation is a key factor in successful reading. To effectively support reading, it is essential to build a functioning system of libraries (public, school and class libraries). Alternatives are other leisure opportunities that may be more attractive if children do not have access to age-suitable and attractive books. The reading culture in the country shapes the preferences of individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]