干细胞来源外泌体修复周围神经损伤的效应.

BACKGROUND: Stem cell-derived exosomes carry biologically active substances such as miRNAs and proteins that contribute to intercellular signal transduction, which have an important and positive impact on the nerve repair. They have a therapeutic effect similar to stem cell transplantation and can be used to replace stem cell transplantation for treating peripheral nerve injury. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the application of exosomes from stem cells in the treatment of peripheral nerve injury, so as to provide reference and basis for exosomes applied in the treatment of peripheral nerve injury. METHODS: Articles in PubMed database from 2000 to 2020 were searched using the search terms of “peripheral nerve, injury, damage, stem cells, embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, exosomes, repair, regenerate.” Articles in databases of CNKI, VIP and WANFANG from 2000 to 2020 were retrieved with the search terms of “peripheral nerve, injury, damage, stem cells, embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, exosomes, repair, regenerate.” The literature and references were reviewed one by one. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Stem cell-derived exosomes exert powerful tissue repair, regeneration and protection capabilities similar to those of stem cells. Stem cell-derived exosomes are a new strategy for “cell-free” therapy, because they can avoid immune rejection, tumorigenic risks and other problems during treatment with stem cell transplantation and have better capabilities of binding extracellular matrix. However, the application of stem cell-derived exosomes in peripheral nerve research still needs a lot of basic researches to be accumulated, and the combination with tissue engineering and genetic engineering needs further exploration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]