0.0045 mm2 15.8 µW three‐stage amplifier driving 10×‐wide (0.15–1.5 nF) capacitive loads with >50° phase margin.

A three‐stage amplifier employing embedded capacitor‐multiplier compensation (ECMC) and active parallel compensation (APC) to enhance the area efficiency when driving nF‐range capacitive loads (CL) is presented. Unlike the conventional current‐buffer Miller compensation, ECMC applied to the dominant compensation path saves substantial power and area, while securing a large gain–bandwidth product. The created left‐half‐plane zero also benefits the phase margin (PM). For the APC, unlike the traditional passive parallel compensation, this work benefits from the Miller effect to avoid the area‐consuming resistor, and reduces the entailed capacitances without lowering the parasitic pole position. A multi‐path Gm‐boosting second stage enhances the effective transconductance and DC gain. With 0.0045 mm2 of area and 15.8 µW of power, the 0.18 µm CMOS three‐stage amplifier measures 1.13 MHz unity‐gain frequency, 0.41 V/µs average slew rate and 56.2° PM at 1 nF CL. Stable responses with >50° PM are attained for a 10 × range of CL from 0.15 to 1.5 nF. The achieved figure‐of‐merit accounting for both die area and power compares favourably with the state of the art. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]