Promoting Rigorous Research Using Innovative Qualitative Approaches.

An increased understanding of research methodologies that can examine the outcomes or processes in counseling—as well as be inclusive of marginalized voices—is important in the counseling field. Understanding the components and interventions that are effective in counseling can help counseling professionals provide services that are more efficacious. Additionally, marginalized client voices are needed in scholarship, particularly in counseling process‐ and outcome‐based research; thus, it is imperative to utilize a variety of research methods, including emergent, qualitative methodologies. We review Q methodology, participatory action research, and photovoice, including each method's utility and application to counseling, procedural aspects, and critiques and recommendations. Compared with other research methods, these methods cater more toward the inclusion of marginalized voices by incorporating action steps toward change based on the findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]