FLY ASH GENERATION-UTILIZATION, GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES IN INDIA AND OTHER DIVERSE APPLICATIONS: A REVIEW.

The dynamic economic growth, robust growth of industrialization and expanding population are the key factors responsible for significant increases in global energy demand. The Power sectors account for almost 74% of coal consumption in India. The Indian coal is characterized by low calorific value (3000-3500 k. cal.) and very high ash content (30-45 %). Thus, huge amount of fly ash is being generated every year as “waste by product” in coal-based power plants. Hence in present scenario, the safe management and eco-friendly utilization of this surplus fly ash generated has become a global challenge. Due to the serious efforts of ‘Fly Ash Mission’ of India, the utilization level of fly ash has progressively improved from 11.68 % in 1998-99 to 77.59 % in 2018-19. This review presents state wise status of fly ash generation-utilization, government initiatives in India and other new domains of potential fly ash applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]