Association between blood lipid profile in early pregnancy and risk of preeclampsia: a study based on real world data.

Objective. To investigate the association between the blood lipid levels in early pregnancy and the risk of preeclampsia (PE). Methods. Pregnant women who underwent routine prenatal examination and delivered in the International Peace Maternity & Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January 2015 to December 2017 were recruited as the study participants. After screening, 26 230 pregnant women were selected, including 680 pregnant women with PE (PE group) and 25 550 pregnant women without PE (control group). The general clinical data and the blood lipid index during 10 - 14 weeks of pregnancy were obtained from the electronic medical record system. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between blood lipid levels at different categorical (by quartile) in early pregnancy and the risk of PE. Results. Compared with the control group, the levels of total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TAG), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and lipoprotein B (ApoB) in the early pregnancy of the PE group were higher (all P<0.05), while the level of high density lipoprotein (HDL) was lower (P=0.000). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that TAG (>1.45 mmol/L), LDL (>3.26 mmol/L) and ApoB (>0.86 g/L) were the independent risk factors for PE (all P<0.05), and HDL (>1.99 mmol/L) was the independent protective factor for PE (P=0.002). After adjusting for potential confounding factors, the risk of PE increased successively with the increase of the TAG, LDL and ApoB levels, HDL did the opposite (all P for trend<0.05). With the lowest quartile as a reference, the adjusted OR values and 95% CIs for the highest quartiles of TAG, LDL, ApoB and HDL were 1.90 (1.47-2.45), 1.39 (1.08-1.78), 1.51 (1.13-2.04) and 0.66 (0.50-0.86), respectively. Conclusion. Dyslipidemia in early pregnancy indicates an increased risk of PE during pregnancy. Examination of blood lipid level during early pregnancy is helpful for early prediction of PE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]