МОРФО-МЕТРИЧНИЙ ОПИС ТАЗОВОЇ КІСТКИ ТА ПРОКСИМАЛЬНОГО ЕПІФІЗА СТЕГНОВОЇ У ЛЕЛЕКОПОДІБНИХ

The pelvic bone and the proximal epyphisis of the femur bone are the main supporting components of the hip joint, and this is the leading link of the free pelvic limb, which gives it considerable mobility, determines its posi􀆟on in sta􀆟c and locomo􀆟on. In the evolu􀆟on process, these components acquire the value of a kind of central shock absorber against shocks, which gets the mowing limb. On the basis of compara􀆟ve anatomical analysis, the peculari􀆟es of skeletal elements of the pelvic bone and the proximal femoral epyphisis of some storks are presented, as the main elements of the pelvic limb as a whole. It was determined, that ghe morpho-metric features of the skeletal elements of the studied birds caused by specific bipedalism, which is based of posi􀆟on of the axis of the body rela􀆟vely to the pelvic limbs and maintain the body between two limbs. It was determined that the inves􀆟gated structural elements are differ in shape and size. Also, it was determined, that among the inves􀆟gated storcks the shortest femur in rela􀆟on to the total length of the limb of the white heron is 12.1 ± 0.2. The longest femur rela􀆟vely to the total length of the limb of the mower is 35.3 ± 0.5. These indicates that the short femur is characteris􀆟c for birds that are maximally adapted to water locomo􀆟on and most likely it is caused by the need go press the pelvic limb 􀆟ghthly to the trunk in the thigh area in the process of swimming. The longer femur provides more distal fixa􀆟on points for the deep femur, cranial iliac and caudal muscles while increasing their flexural and extensory func􀆟on with respect to the thigh. Among the studied Ciconiiformes, the index of the smallest pelvic length to its width ranges from 31.2 to 68.0 %. This indacates that more wider is pelvis, more larger eggs can lay a female of this species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]