Commentary on "The Significance of the Granular Layer of the Cerebellum: a Communication by Heinrich Obersteiner (1847–1922) Before the 81st Meeting of the Society of German Natural Scientists and Physicians in Salzburg, September 1909".

This commentary highlights a "cerebellar classic" by Heinrich Obersteiner (1847–1922), the founder of Vienna's Neurological Institute. Obersteiner had a long-standing interest in the cerebellar cortex, its development, and pathology, having provided one of the early accurate descriptions of the external germinal layer (sometimes called the "marginal zone of Obersteiner" or "Obersteiner layer"). In his communication before the 81st meeting of the Society of German Natural Scientists and Physicians in Salzburg in September 1909, Obersteiner placed special emphasis on the histophysiology of the granule cell layer of the cerebellum and covered most of the fundamental elements of the cerebellar circuitry, on the basis of Ramón y Cajal's neuronism. Those elements are discussed in a historic and a modern perspective, including some recent ideas about the role of granule cells, beyond the mere relay of sensorimotor information from mossy fibers to the Purkinje cells, in learning and cognition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]