Saf Deneyim Dünyası: William James'in Radikal Deneyimciliği.

Radical empiricism is an epistemological theory developed by William James, who is known for pragmatism. Denying basically Descartes' Cartesian dualism and the materialist monism of positivism, James brings a novel monist interpretation to empiricism that goes beyond Hume's criticism towards causality. This interpretation is an attempt to re-understand the experience through the contribution of the experimental consciousness studies that James has continued for many years. This initiative has a close relationship with James' era. For this period is an anti-metaphysical period in which the materialist conception of nature, the theory of evolution, and the discourse that the only valid knowledge is based on experience is increasingly dominant. Indeed, James is also opposed to any transcendent being and principle, such as God, the Absolute, spirit, or full perception, that does not arise from experience. However, with his studies of consciousness, he concludes that a materialist idea of nature and the theory of evolution is not based on scientific facts but metaphysical beliefs. With the influence of this thought, James, who turns towards philosophy, aims to develop a philosophical system in which the individual is not reduced to the species, nature, reduced to the physical, religious, and value, is not excluded, and where free will is enabled. The metaphysical principle of radical empiricism is "pure experience" which exists as the foundation of all conscious states, appears before the distinction of subject and object, and which is simple, immediate, the natural flow of life and the unity of plurality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]